Among
the earlier works in Edward's reign is the Dean's Cloister. The square of
the upper ward, added by this monarch, occupied a space of four
hundred and twenty feet, and encroached somewhat upon the middle
ward. Externally the walls presented a grim, regular appearance,
broken only by the buttresses, and offering no other apertures than the
narrow loopholes and gateways. Some traces of the architecture of the
period may still be discerned in the archway and machecoulis of the
principal gateway adjoining the Round Tower; the basement chamber
of the Devil Tower, or Edward the Third's Tower; and in the range of
groined and four-centred vaulting, extending along the north side of the
upper quadrangle, from the kitchen gateway to King John's Tower.
In 1359 Queen Philippa, consort of Edward the Third, breathed her last
in Windsor Castle.
Richard the Second, grandson of Edward the Third, frequently kept his
court at Windsor. Here, in 1382, it was determined by council that war
should be declared against France; and here, sixteen years later, on a
scaffold erected within the castle, the famous appeal for high treason
was made by Henry of Lancaster, Duke of Hereford, against Thomas
Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, the latter of whom defied his accuser to
mortal combat.
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