Zeleny, but much more complete. He has studied in a very ingenious
manner, not only the mobilities, but also the law of recombination
which regulates the spontaneous return of the gas to its normal state.
He has determined experimentally the relation of the number of
recombinations to the number of collisions between two ions of
contrary sign, by studying the variation produced by a change in the
value of the field, in the quantity of electricity which can be
collected in the gas separating two parallel metallic plates, after
the passage through it for a very short time of the Roentgen rays
emitted during one discharge of a Crookes tube. If the image of the
ions is indeed conformable to reality, this relation must evidently
always be smaller than unity, and must tend towards this value when
the mobility of the ions diminishes, that is to say, when the pressure
of the gas increases. The results obtained are in perfect accord with
this anticipation.
On the other hand, M. Langevin has succeeded, by following the
displacement of the ions between the parallel plates after the
ionisation produced by the radiation, in determining the absolute
values of the mobilities with great precision, and has thus clearly
placed in evidence the irregularity of the mobilities of the positive
and negative ions respectively.
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