[Footnote 6: By isothermal diagram is meant the pattern or complex
formed when the isothermal lines are arranged in curves of which the
pressure is the ordinate and the volume the abscissa.--ED.]
But the most complete and systematic body of researches is due to M.
Amagat, who undertook the study of a certain number of bodies, some
liquid and some gaseous, extending the scope of his experiments so as
to embrace the different phases of the phenomena and to compare
together, not only the results relating to the same bodies, but also
those concerning different bodies which happen to be in the same
conditions of temperature and pressure, but in very different
conditions as regards their critical points.
From the experimental point of view, M. Amagat has been able, with
extreme skill, to conquer the most serious difficulties. He has
managed to measure with precision pressures amounting to 3000
atmospheres, and also the very small volumes then occupied by the
fluid mass under consideration. This last measurement, which
necessitates numerous corrections, is the most delicate part of the
operation.
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